Beamformers are devices that manipulate multiple inputs to generate multiple outputs leading from or to antenna arrays. These devices use stripline, coaxial, microstrip, or ferrite technologies for this task. The technology is often based on whether the power split needs to be unequal or equal. When the right type of beamformer is applied to a project, it will have tight tolerances and excellent performance. Here are some of the different types of beamformers and basic information about them.
Broadband
Airborne and standard communication systems use broadband beamformers that combine coaxial, ferrite, and microstrip technology to provide a high-performing device in a small package. Besides standard communication technologies, you can also find these in military-grade radar warning receivers, early warning systems, and countermeasure controls. It incorporates both combiners, dividers, and delay lines to get a high level of performance.
Butler Matrix
The Butler Matrix can handle a large amount of antenna input. It uses coaxial and microstrip technology to provide high power capabilities and low loss.
Four-by-Four for Airborne Applications
When coaxial, ferrite, and microstrip technologies are combined, the result is a small broadband device. Like the standard broadband beamformer, it uses both dividers, combiners, and delay lines to get the job done. The hard housing is small and capable of handling high altitudes. The performance and quality are designed to stay consistent despite the harshest airborne conditions.
Airborne Compensation Module
This device is a distribution network designed for rear-looking antennas on fighter crafts. The stripline technology allows for the couplers and dividers to perform their tasks with a tiny footprint. Additionally, the connections on this device are reinforced for optimal strength. Then, they are sealed to ensure optimum performance in an airborne environment.
Airborne Distribution
This is a distribution network designed for forward-looking antennas on fighter crafts. The couplers, dividers, and hybrid lines are all minute to provide a small device. However, they can still handle a considerable bandwidth.
Drop-In
The drop-in one-by-four beamformer has an adjustable configuration that can produce numerous output phasings. Additionally, the radial weld seams on the package create a lightweight device that can withstand harsh conditions and be mounted on many surfaces. It is often used for missiles and aircraft.
One-by Configurations
The one-by configuration beamformer combiner provides polarized outputs designed for antenna arrays. This cost-effective option uses stripline technology to handle high amounts of power with a small footprint.
There are many types of beamformers available for antenna arrays. Choosing the right one will ensure that you get the best device for your application.
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